Improvement in fermtttation-locks



libdiii gunna aient @niita f W. F. KISTLER, OF CINCINNATI, YOHIO,ASSIGNOR-TO HIMSELF AND JOSEPH L. HALL, 0F SAME PLACE.

Letters Patent No. 94,613, dated September 7, 1869.

The Schedule referred to in these Lettera Iatexzt and making part o! thename To whom it may concern Be it known'that I, W. F. KIsTLER, ofCincinnati, in the county of Hamilton, and State of Ohio, have inventeda new and useful Improvement in Combination N O-KeyHole Locks, of whichthe following is a full and clear description, reference being had tothe accompanying drawings, making part of this specification.

My improvement in locks is applicable to that class of locks termedcombination or permutation-locks, to

all -wherein the rotating tul'ublersare employed; andV consists inpeculiarly-constructed washers for lessening the friction between thetumbler-s, also to an anchor,7 pivoted to the casing of the lock in sucha manner that the parts thereof furthest removed from the tumblers7shall, by their excessive gravity, preweutihe dog, secured to theanchor, from beingnin contact with the faces ofthe tumblers, in order toprevent feeling for the slots in the tumblers; and also, to a pendulouscheck-bar, having a projectiuglug nearV its lower or free end, soconstructed, with reference to a corresponding projection from one ofthearms of the anchor furthest removed from the tumblers, that in case thesafe, or other receptacle of valuables to which the lock is secured, istilted, the lug at'the end of the pendent check-bar will vibrate over,and be in contact with the projection from the anchor, to prevent thecontact of the dog with the faces of the tumblers.

Figure 1 represents a horizontal sectional plan of my improved lock,taken through the centres of the tumblers and the knob.

, Figure 2-is an elevation of the interior of the lock, exhibiting theposition' of the operating part-s thereof, immediately previous to'theentrance of the dog into the slots in the tumblers before the bolt canbe withdrawn.

Figure 3 is van elevation of the interior operating parts of the lock,as seen when the' exterior plate is removed. The bolt is withdrawn.

Figure 4-represents part 0f the interior of the lock, showing the actionof the pendulous check-bar upon the anchor, in order to prevent contactof the tumblers and the dog, in case the safe,or other recepl tacle ofvaluables to which 'the lock secured, is tilted.

Figures 5 aud-'6 are respectively the obverse and reverse sides of thetumblers.

Figure 7 is a diametrical cross-section of one ofthe tumblers.

A is the casing of the lock, of which the rear and front plates,respectively, B and C, may be removed.

The knob D, located upon the outside of the door of the safe, andattached to the dialfplate a, is secured y The opposite free end c ofthe, arm F extendsfurther from the spindle G, the cylindricalcontinuation ofthe arbor E, than does the corner bearing thepin b, theend face l of which is convex.

Further in upon, and secured to the spindle G, is the fdriving-disk H,provided with pin h, which engages a similar pin, h', projecting fromthe first of the series of tumblers I, which are disk-rings, having theslot f in each, for the reception of the dog when the bolt is to bethrown.

Each of these tumblers I is mounted loosely on the hub c of an annulardislnor washer, J, the projecting iiauge t of which extends far enoughfrom the hub to separate, the tumblers, and serve as a washer betweenthem.

After the tumbler has been mounted on the hub of the disk J, aflange orring, k, is attached, by screws g', as clearly shown in figs. and 7, forthe purpose of holding the tumbler in place.

'llese annular disks or washers J, with the tum,- blers I mountedthereon, are then slid upon a hollow spindle, K, which is att-ached to aremovable head or rose, K'.

This hollow spindle K extends from the head K' to the driving-disk H,and is ofthe requisite length to reeeive all the disks or'washers J,with 'the tumblers on them. It is provided with a rib, l, that fits intoa slot, g, on the inner face of the washers, for the purpose ofpreventing the latter from turning, all as' clearly shown in tiff. 1.

ltais obvious that all of the washers, except the one nextto the headK', may have the tumblers I mountedon them, and then'be slid upontheholllow spindle K without the use of the flange-ring k, and that` inthe exceptional instance a iiange or other equivalent device may be lefton the inner face ofthe head K', and that in this arrangement thetumblers will be Ias free from friction as in the other.

The spindle G extends beyond the driving-disk into the cylindricalcavity in the spindle K.

Near the bottom ofthe lock, and nearly midway'be tween the opposite endsthereof, is the-pivoting-bolt L' to the anchor M.

The anchor has the four arms, 1, 2, 3,'and 4, respect-A ively.

A line passed through the contre of the pivotL would pass through the.entire lengths of the arms/1 and 4.. The arm 1 curves up toward theI armF, which is immediately over it. The upper face of arm 1 is slightlycon/ex.

The arm 3 of the anchor M is elbowed at m, Where it comes in contactwith the driving-disk H. Its prolongation 3', beyond and beneath thedriving-disk H, has its upper face convex, toiit about the said diskH.

A curved lug, 3", projects toward the crank-arm F, and is acted upon bythe piu 11, which projectsfrom one corner ofthe arm-F.

A dog, N, is secured to the arm 2 of the anchor,

'in such a position that it readily enters the slots in the tumblers Iwhen it is desirable to-withdraw the bolt; otherwise the dog `cannottouch the faces of the tumblers, being withheld therefrom by the greatergravity of the arms 2 and 4, which are on one side of the pivot stud n,which carries a roller, R, located within the slot in the free endcfa-rin 2 of the anchor.

The interior surface of the slot, againstwhich the roller bearswhenlnotion is given to the anchor, is elbow'ed at o, and theincline-surface o from the angular point O is of greater length than thehorizontal surface o" of the interior of the said slot,in the positionof the parts of the lock exhibited in iig. 2f

A slot, p, in the arm P, extends from near the stud n toward the pivotof said arm. i

A. pin, g, occupies the slot p. It is secured to the operating-lever b,which isattached to the bolt T of the lock by the draught-pin lr.

In thefree end of the level S, upon the upper surface thereof,is1ocatedthe square-cornered recesss. The vertical wall s is, when thelock isout, as exhibited in fie.l 2, in close contact with the correspondingwall of the check-block t, secured .to the plate C of the lockcase.

, Further from the free end of the lever S than is the recess s,.andupon the under surface of said lever, is the recess u. The end wall 'a'of this recess is inipinged upon by the tip of the end c of thecrank-arm F when the bolt is being withdrawn, as exhibited inr fig. 3.

A pendent check-bar, U, is so pivoted or otherwise Y secured to the'casing of the'lock, near the top thereof,

that its free end, near the bottom of the lock, may freely -vibratewhenl the safe is tilted.

A shoulder, c, nearthe free end of the said checkbar, extends over thepin x, projecting from the arm 4 of the anchor, as shown in fig. 4,where the lock is not horizontal.

To manipulate the lock for the purpose of unlocking the safe or otherreceptacles of valuables, the slots f in the tumblers I are, by means ofthe known combinatioiis, brought into line opposite the dog N of theanchor- M, when, by a quick motion of the knob D, the free end c of thecrank-arm F mpiuges upon the arni 1 ofthe anchor M, as exhibited in iig.2, pressing it to the bottom casing,` of the lock, as shown in iig. 3,

v`causing the dog N to enter the slots in the series of tumblers at thesaine time the slotted free end' of the arm,2 Aof the anchor is causedto move quickly in adirection-opposite to the bolt T. The roller B rollsover the inner horizontal, angular, and incline-surfaces of the slot ofarm 2.

This operation causes the limiting-arm P to drop down at its free end,and since the'pin q of the operating-levers extends within the slot p ofthe limitingarm P, the operating-leverisalso falls, or is carried down,liberating therecess s of the said operating-lever from the check-blockt. Still rotating the knob D, the tip 7 of the free end c of thecrank-arm F engages the end wall u of the recess 'u in the bottom faceof the free end of the lever S.y The bolt T is then drawn within thelock, as clearly shown in iig. 3, and the door of the safe or otherreceptacle opened.v

When it is desired to lock the door, it is first closed, .and the lknobthen turned in -a direction opposite to thus, at vthe Sametime,withdrawthe dog N from the i tumblers, and cause'the free end of thelimiting-arm P to carry up the free end ofthe operating-lever S, so asto bring the the vertical wallof its recess s immediately opposite theblock t, and thushold the bolt in place.

The combination or arrangement of the tumblers l may nowfbe broken up,when it will be impossible to operate the lock without the combinationbeing known to the operator.

It cannotbe picked, for the reason that Vas thedog N is held away fromthe tumblers, there can be no feeling for the slots, and consequently,nomeasurements taken by a' micrometer,7 for the purpose'of setting thetumblers on the line of their slots. v y

When a quick motion is givenl to the anchor M by a sudden turning of theknob, the dog N will strike against the face of some of the tun'iblers,and cause the anchor to rebound to its original/position; and when theknob is turned slowly the lpin b, in engaging with the rib 3 on arm 3 ofthe anchor, will causethe latter to tilt, and withdraw lthe dog N from.

contact with the tumblers. y

The pendent-arm U is called into use when thesafe is tilted in such amanner that the dog N will be in Contact with the faces of the tumblers,on account of the centre of gravity of the anchor being transposed tothe opposite side of the pivoting-bolt L or nearer the tu nibleis. f

A shoulder, c, near the free end of said pendulous arm, extends over thepin x, which projects from the arm 4 of the anchor, near the endthereof, preventing the contact with the tumblers of the dog N.

From the foregoing description and operation of my improved lock, itappears that to those locks wherein the revolving tumblers are employed,the anchor and pendulous-arin U maybe used in connection therewith,

to prevent beyond doubt the 'picking of the lock; therefore constituteindispensible elements of locks.

The advantage of the herein-described washers is in the lessening thefriction betweenl themselves and the tumblers caus'ed'to revolve withinandabout them in the manipulation of the lock.'

What I claim as new, and desire to secure by Letters Patent, is.-.

1'. Mounting the tumblers I on the stationary annular disks or washersJ, constructed substantiallyas herein described, and then arranging themon the spindle K, as and for the purpose set forth.

f 2. The anchor M, consisting lof the arms 1, 2, 3, and 4, constructedand arranged to operate substantially as herein described, and for thepurposes set forth.

3. The arm F, with its point c and its pin b, in combination with theanchor M, consisting of` arms 1, 2, 3, and 4, when constructed audarranged to operate substantially as herein described, and for thepurposes 'setv forth.

4. The pendent check-bar U, in combination with the anchor M, whenconstructed and arranged to operate substantially as and for the purposeset forth.

5. The arm F, anchor M, tumblers I, arm P, lever S, block t, andlock-bolt T, when constructed and arl ranged to operate substantially asand for the purpose Specified. A

, W. F. KISTLER. Witnesses:

GYRUs S. BATES, 0. L. FISHER.

